Marketing Management - 1190 Words

Use of the newspapers, radio, magazines, television and brochures, are some of the traditional marketing modes. Technological advancements have brought about new and efficient advertising means. Web marketing relates to application of internet tools in marketing of products and services such as online publications, video and audio files among others posted in websites. Online coverage last longer and can be retrieved in future (24/7) by interested customers. Newspapers and magazines are only bought daily, read only once and they get lost or thrown to the trash bins easily. Some individuals may store them, but retrieval of information from the same will be difficult. Tracking information is easier on the web compared to traditional modes†¦show more content†¦Purchases for second-hand products can be made on e-bay, creating a whole new genre of stores. Customer satisfaction is when the customer’s experience with a certain product or service equals the customer expectations. Various factors affect customer satisfaction and they include quality, quantity, price and after sale services. There are various issues that managers need to address and face when chasing customer satisfaction and in trying to deliver quality service. A manager needs to ensure that the firm or business identifies customer needs. They have to understand what impresses the customers, what works for them and what quality according to their customers is. Failing to know what the customers want leads to delivering the wrong products to the customers and this makes them leave for where their preferences are addressed. Administration of questionnaire and interviews is very important to identify the customer’s expectations and enquire whether the current strategy is working as intended. The manager requires ensuring employees are satisfied and well motivated. This is achieved through providing good working conditions which ensures that the employees do not perform when frustrated and under unnecessary pressure. The manager should ensure employee retention is maximized and employees’ turnover should be minimal. Rewards should be given to highly performing employees and disciplineShow MoreRelatedMarketing Management : A Market ing Manager1372 Words   |  6 PagesI want to become a marketing manager. A marketing manager is someone in a company who directs and is in charge of promoting and advertising the company s products. Marketing managers would have to create campaigns and be organized. Additionally, they plan out how the product will be communicated with the customers. They are in charge of making sure the campaigns stay on budget and are profitable. In order to become a marketing manager I need to get a bachelor’s degree and go to a four year collegeRead MoreMarketing Management2703 Words   |  11 Pages * Home * Business * Small Business Information * Marketing * Marketing management Marketing/Marketing management Advertisement Expert:  Leo Lingham  - 10/7/2009 Question Sir could you please answer the following two questions for me? I need your help in answering these. PLease reply me as soon as possible. 1. Marketing management an artistic exercise and therefore highly subjective versus marketing management is largely a scientific excercise with well established guidelinesRead Moremarketing management863 Words   |  4 PagesMARKETING MANAGEMENT (MB106) – OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS (ONE SET) MBA I SEMESTER 1. Which of the following is central to any definition of marketing? a. Making a profit b. Making a sale c. Demand management d. Transactions e. Customer relationships 2. Introducing new products to existing markets is an example of: a. conglomerate diversification b. vertical diversification c. horizontal diversification d. concentric diversification 3. When a company acquires a supplier through an acquisitionRead MoreMarketing : Marketing Management Philosophy Essay770 Words   |  4 Pages MARKETING REFLECTION Every company has different idea and philosophies. Under marketing management philosophy there are five concepts. 1. Production Concept Consumers prefer products which are widely, easily available and cheap. Key features of this approach are: high production, mass distribution and low cost. This concept generally works in a developing country like India. Companies assume that consumers need this product hence they will buy itRead MoreMarketing Management5475 Words   |  22 PagesUNIVERSITY, (Distance Learning Program) MARKETING Management (ADL-10) Analytical Questions ASSIGNMENT - A Q1. Define Marketing, distinguish between Selling and marketing. What are the four components of Marketing Mix, briefly explain. ? Ans1. WHAT IS MARKETING? What docs the term marketing mean ? Marketing must be understood not in the old sense of making a sale - selling - but in the new sense of satisfying customer needs. We define marketing as a social and managerial process by whichRead MoreMarketing Management4010 Words   |  17 PagesCh 1 Question 1 Which of the following statements is correct? a) Marketing is the term used to refer only to the sales function within a firm b) Marketing managers usually don t get involved in production or distribution decisions c) Marketing is an activity that considers only the needs of the organization, not the needs of society as a whole d) Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customersRead MoreInnovation And Marketing Of Marketing Management Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pagesinnovation? The Importance of Innovation and creativity in advertising/marketing industry Creative advertising and marketing management is necessary in order to have a complete understanding of how producers and sales companies work effectively. While advertising performs the communicative function of informing consumers about a company’s product or services, creative advertising also attracts people to the market, marketing management is a much more complex managerial process. Today, in current globalizedRead MoreMarketing Management3028 Words   |  13 PagesUnstated, Delight, Secret Types of Marketing Environments Task - includes the actors engaged in producing, distributing, and promoting the offering Broad – demographic, environment, economic, social-cultural, natural, and technological environment Holistic Marketing – based on the development, design and implementation of marketing programs, processes, and activities that recognize their breadth and interdependencies. Everything matters in marketing – a broad, integrated perspective is oftenRead MoreMarketing Analysis : Marketing Management1566 Words   |  7 PagesJoseph Anchor BME-213804-01 Marketing Management Professor Jordan Fructer April 10th, 2016 Conventionally, before a consumer buys a product, he/she will follow a sequence of events known as â€Å"hierarchy of effects.† It all starts with the consumer being aware that the product exists. In this essay we will go through how various websites go about creating awareness of the products to the last step of making the potential client make the last move; order. Marketing experts concur that brand awarenessRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesDBA 1652 Marketing Management UNIT -- I Unit No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling Public

The Killer Angels By Michael Shaara - 1290 Words

The Killer Angels Essay â€Å"There is no honorable way to kill, no gentle way to destroy. There is nothing good in war. Except its ending.† Stated by Abraham Lincoln, this quote embodies the essence of war, its tragic character and unfortunate occasional necessity. Accordingly, the outcome of war and its battles is often determined by the attitudes of the leaders of the opposing sides, including their causes for the willingness to fight and to be fought. Such was the case with the Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War. Michael Shaara’s The Killer Angels presents the leaders of the Army of the Potomac and the leaders of the Army of Northern Virginia with antithetical attitudes in relation to the Civil War. Although the causes of the leaders of the Union Army and the Confederate Army were both associated with the notion of freedom, the perspectives on freedom were contrasting with the Union Army advocating freedom of the individual, and the Confederate Army advo cating freedom the states. Also, the leaders of the Army of the Potomac and the leaders of the Army of Northern Virginia had different outlooks on successful war strategies, with the Union favoring defensive tactics and the Confederacy favoring honorable offensive approaches. Additionally, the Union Army’s leaders had a gargantuan amount of confidence and perseverance which aided in winning the Battle of Gettysburg, while the Confederate Army was not as persistent and capitulated in battle. To begin, MichaelShow MoreRelatedThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara1634 Words   |  7 PagesPulitzer Prize-winning author Michael Shaara, the author of The Killer Angels, was born on June 23, 1928 in Jersey City, New Jersey. He was an author of science fiction, sports fiction, and historical fiction. Although writing was his passion, Shaara was very athletically successful in high school, winning more awards than any other student in the history of the school for sports such as basketball, track and baseball. He acquired a skill in boxing, and of the 18 matches Shaara fought as a young man, heRead MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara1521 Words   |  7 PagesThe book The Killer Angels was published in 1975 by the Ballatine Booksand was written by Michael Shaara. The Killer Angels is a historic novel about the time of the American Civil War, more specifically The Battle of Gettysburg. Shaara wrote this historical masterpiece with the sole purpose of letting the reader know exac tly how the war was for the men actually putting their lives on the line to get this great country of America to the stature it is today. In order to accomplish his goal of creatingRead MoreThe Killer Angel By Michael Shaara1248 Words   |  5 Pages The Killer Angel is a book elaborating on the history of the American civil war authored by Michael Shaara. The book has gained popularity among American citizens as it covers one of the deadliest battles in American history that took place at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, hence the title of the battle of Gettysburg (Shaara 5). The crash involved two major groups, the Confederacy, and the Union. The Confederacy constituted of seven secessionist states from the South who advocated forRead MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara1947 Words   |  8 Pagesthe dueling North and South together to the small town of Gettysburg and on the threshold of splitting the Union. Gettysburg was as close as the United States got to Armaged don and The Killer Angels gives this full day-to-day account of the battle that shaped America’s future. Michael Shaara author of â€Å"The Killer Angels,† tells the story of the Battle of Gettysburg through the eyes of generals Robert E. Lee, Joshua Chamberlain, James Longstreet, and John Buford, and the other men involved in the actionRead MoreKiller Angels By Michael Shaara850 Words   |  4 Pages In the Pulitzer Prize winning civil war novel Killer Angels, Michael Shaara covers five days of the historic battle between the Northern and Southern United States at Gettysburg. Both the North and the South fought for freedom, although they did not have equivalent definitions of freedom. The North and the South were unwavering in their beliefs and their hope for a better United States, but what the two butted heads the most on was slavery. The South was a primarily agrarian region which reliedRead MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara1117 Words   |  5 Pages Michael Shaara’s 1974 historical novel, The Killer Angels, covers the story of the four days of the Battle of Gettysburg that also features maps for visualization. The format of the story is well organized. It begins with a Foreword, which describes in great detail the armies and soldiers involved in the battle. It follows up with four sections and within each section there are chapters that are written in chronological order, covering the events between Monday, June 29, 1863 and Friday, July 3Read MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara Essay1255 Words   |  6 Pages In the novel The Killer Angels by Michael Shaara, the story is told from the perspective of the men that fought in the war of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania on July 1863. We are able to see both sides of the combatants, their struggles they faced, friendships acquired, losses, personal stories and their views. In history we only learn the superficial information of how it occurred in the battle and the outcome of it, but we do not know how it happened and how much effort it took to fight in thatRead MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara1123 Words   |  5 PagesThe Killer Angels Novel written by Michael Shaara describes the Gettysburg battle from the perspective of Robert E. Lee, James Longstreet, various soldiers from both sides, and other men who fought in the battle. This author makes the reader go back in time and actually makes the reader depict the circumstances, and situations that soldiers and generals faced. This Novel makes the reader know that both sides were eager to win, and bring this bloodshed to an end. This amazing Novel shows how neighborRead MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara852 Words   |  4 PagesThe Killer Angels by Michael Shaara was not just a fiction novel, it was a story of a man who actually saw the battlefield of Gettysburg and learned about the battle and its importance. When he returned from the battle sight he decided to write a novel based on his experience there. Instead of creating fictional characters he used the names and experiences he had directly with the main characters of the novel. Not only did Shaara study and review letters, documents and journal enteries of the menRead MoreThe Killer Angels By Michael Shaara1206 Words   |  5 PagesShawn Gacy American Lit. Mrs. Moyer September 11, 2015 Summer Reading The book I chose to read over the summer was the book The Killer Angels, by Michael Shaara. The Killer Angels tells the story of the Battle of Gettysburg. On July 1, 1863, the Confederate army, and the Union army, fought the largest battle of the American Civil War. When the battle ended, fifty one thousand men were KIA (Killed In Action), wounded, or MIA (Missing in Action). All the characters in this book are based

Memory †The mysterious phenomenon Free Essays

Memory, a phenomenon which has been bewildering scientists and philosophers is san entity that needs to be analyzed very carefully for finding out the truth behind it. Going deep in to the subject, memory comes under a prominent branch of neuroscience called the cognitive neuroscience. The basic factors that lead to the phenomenon of memory are reception of information, processing, storage and recollection. We will write a custom essay sample on Memory – The mysterious phenomenon or any similar topic only for you Order Now There are various factors that affect each of these processes. Based on this memory is broadly classified in to three heads. They are: 1) long-term memory 2) short-term memory and 3) sensory memory Long-term memory Long term memory refers to those memories that are stored in the brain for a considerably prolonged period of time with out any loss. Here when an idea is stored in long-term memory, the information is stored in a semantically encoded format. As a result of this it is easier for us to remember a telephone number by virtue of repeating the same but it is difficult to memorize a random ten digit number. For the later case the encoding format is acoustic and hence the information is stored in short-term memory. Baddeley, the great researcher on human memory has found out that when given a test to recollect words uttered was given to a group of respondents the result was that people failed to recall words with same meanings like small, tiny, minute etc.. Short-term memory This is a much more volatile memory that stores information just for a period of several seconds to few minutes with out memorizing it by heart. George A. Miller, held various demonstrations and the conclusion was that the storage capacity of short -term memory was just 7  ± 2 entities (he presented a paper entitled â€Å"The magical number 7 ±2†). In the present day the projected capability of short-term memory is still less. But hen the same group of words or letters, for an example is presented in different order, greater are the chances for recollecting it. For example it is difficult to recollect the string FBIUNOASDFUS But when the same string is presented as below, greater chances re there for anyone to recollect it FBI UNO ASDF US. In the first combination of letters the information was lying stray with no order to memorise, whereas in the second one, they have an opportunity to memorise it as bits which could be identified to something that they know. Short-term memory relies on the phonemes and the acoustic symbols for retaining information. Visual codes are rarely converted to short-term memory. Conrad a renowned researcher on human memory found out that the subjects of his experiments had difficulty in identifying and recollecting acoustically confusing phonemes and words like he, ghee, bee, see, etc.. Sensory memory This kind of memory refers to the memory that is retained in the receivers mind for about 200 to 500 milliseconds, once the information is acquired. Hence this is highly volatile and short-life memory. Sensory Memory can be identified as the ability to identify the specific features of an item, let it be a sound or an object by virtue of an observation of the same for a fraction of a second. George Sperling is the pioneer to conduct experiments on Sensory Memory. Respondents were provided with a set of 12 letters, which were made into 3 rows of four each. After completing a small introduction, the candidates were then made to hear either a high, medium or low pitch tone, providing them info regarding which of the rows to report. On the base of this experiments, Sperling demonstrated that the range of sensory memory was about 12 items, but also found that it degenerated at a much more faster pace (it only had the life span of a few milliseconds and hence highly momentary). The main negative part of this kind of memory is that any sort of rehearsals do no not enhance the longevity. What is memory? Present day neuroscience and scientists are with the stream of thought that memory is a group of neural connections which are encoded so as to retrieve for future references. This sort of memory encoding may happen in different parts of the brain. Thus, a network of neural communication is likely to link various parts of the brain. The strength of the memory depends up on the strength of the neural connections. Recollection or calling back of any bit of memory can happen whenever a positive stimulus that trigger the particular part of the networked neural connections. As a result of this, when a part of the brain gets damaged, the neural network present there and obviously the memories associated with the particular neural connections is lost for ever. Why do we forget things? Forgetting can better be explained as an inability to keep memories secure. This is a condition when ideas and images perceived are either lost in full or part. The reasons for forgetting are many. The prominent factors that lead to forgetting include. 1. Poor encoding (this is why we forget dreams that we see while asleep. Encoding refers to converting the sounds, visuals, taste, smell tc. To corresponding chemical / neurological codes); 2. Unavailability of a retrieval mechanism (if there is no proper stimuli to trigger the memory, the information remains dormant); 3. Time factor : when a recent incident happens, the older data are sometimes wiped off from memory (We tend to forget exact dates of our vehicle insurance, when you have some 5 cars and 4 cruisers! ); 4. Continuous similar experiences (You may have memories of the first instance when you visited London, but if you fly London Every year, you many not remember when you landed for the fifth time! ) The Chemistry of memory! The human brain is a highly complicated organ with more than 20 billion nerve cells (neurons), about 150 trillion nerve connecters or synapses; an average of 7500 synapses per neuron within the brain, anyway, some neurons may have as many as 900,000 as well. Due to repair and safety from glial cells that protects the neurons, some nerve cells will be alive till the organism cease to live, however, it is calculated that about 85,000 neurons wear out everyday in the brain. The most prominent doubt regarding memory is the place / location where it is being stored. It was in 1960’s that the theory of Long-Term Potentiation (L. T. P) and it counter theory called opposite Long Term Depression came in to existence as molecularmemory postulates. Long-term potentiation refers to the reinforcement of neuron relations through elevating synaptic ion movements. In all connections of neurons there exists a synapse through which chemical neurotransmitters moves unhindered from the axonates and axons of the transmitting cell to the dendrites of the corresponding receiver cell. Neuro-transmitters like acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, serotonin, norepinephrine function in free flow of complex electrical signals between nerve cells, muscle cells and sensory cells. Where as in the mean time, inside the cell, the protein pumps located in the cell membrane and channels frequently retains a constantresting potential of – 70 m V by virtue of moving sodium cations on the outer part of the cell against a specific gradient. Presence of neurotransmitter into a receiver neuron located in the membrane part of a post-synaptic dendrite triggers and starts de-polarization of the specific membrane by the influence of calcium and sodium ions, this again results in the building of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels to unlock, permitting rapid flow of calcium and sodium ions, this is then followed by the inflow of potassium ions . as a result of this ion flow, depolarization happens once again to + 40 m V. As a result of this continuous process, â€Å"action potential† rapidly happens in the cell membrane to the axon , axonates and the pre-synaptic cleft, thus repeating this each and every time the signal reaches a neuron. Once the action potential has completed, the voltage gated channels close by themselves, and the potassium and sodium pumps makes the cell membrane to return to their original potential. All these happens in milliseconds, thus permitting multiple contradictory signals in swift momentum.. Memory Disorders The branch of Human psychology and neurology is the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of many of the known memory disorders. In general the loss or degeneration of memory is termed as amnesia. Amnesia is of different categories. Analysing it can reveal the various forms of it and helps in the proper treatment as well. Many neuron related conditions like Alzheimer’s disease may also result in full or partial memory loss. Hyperthymesia, also called hyperthymesic syndrome, is a serious memory disorder which has adverse effect on retention of personal memory. Some sort of memory loss can be symptom of hypothyroidism a severe medical condition. Increasing oxygen supply to the brain, is considered as one among the foremost techniques to improve memory. This can be achieved by doing exercises like swimming, bicycle riding, gymnastics etc.. Tips to improve memory Many factors to improve memory was furnished by the report published by ‘The International Longevity Center’ in the year 2001 (pages 14-16) The study recommends to stick to the following to improve memory stay intellectually active through learning, training or reading, keep physically active so as to make blood circulation in the brain more active, socialize, reduce stress to the maximum possible extend, observe regular sleep timings, avoid depression or emotional strain and good nutrition. How to cite Memory – The mysterious phenomenon, Papers

Opinion Editorial On Human Dignity And Common Good In Nursing

Question: Discuss about the Opinion Editorial On Human Dignity And Common Good In Nursing. Answer: Opinion editorialon human dignity and common good in nursing: The Op-Ed or opinion editorial is the writing published in any magazine or newspaper. It reveals the perspective of the named author who is not affiliated with the editorial board of the publication. The following Op-Ed shows the challenges related to the dignity of the human person and the realizing of the common good. The mercurial idea of human dignity has been featuring the legal, political and ethical discourse as the basic commitment towards human value or status. The origin of the value or the behavior of the status is been contested. The human dignity is emphasized in various sectors of nursing as a basic human right and moral obligation (Jacobs 2016). The term common good, on the other hand, is used to recognize the activities and results that possess some definable advantages. This extends beyond the gaining of the individuals. The common good is denoted in the professional literature related to political action, environment, healthcare, ethics, and nursing (Grace 2017). In this Op-Ed, the integrated review is done on the nature of human dignity and common good for the nursing profession, as the chosen issue. In the nursing profession, it is seen that the persons who have been in the top positions have been lacking the leadership and the interpersonal quality in motivating the patients and the staffs. Thus, it has no only be resulting in the poor services for the patients but also the common good and persons dignity gets hampered (Parandeh et al. 2016). It is seen that because of the over workload, poor interpersonal communication and staffing practices take place. The medical staffs are found to be conversing in derogatory languages with the patients family. They never show any concern with the pleas of the patients. Thus the problems in nursing profession have been seeking attention to practice the guidelines promoting the common good and human dignity. The idea of dignity from the viewpoint of the nurses has been seen as prosperity and developing. However, the conclusions show that maximum of the studies is done on the professional dignity of nurses. The respecting of the inherent individual dignity was not analyzed. The patients are the main focus of the clinical environments. Hence the human dignity of the patients has not been the priority (Cheraghi, Manookian and Nasrabadi 2014). The human dignity has comprised of seven dimensions. However, only two of the dimensions of the professional and the intrinsic dignity of the nurses are revealed. Hence the identification of the human dignity in the nursing would be helpful for the nurses to work together along with similar aims. It would permit the nurses to make sense of the importance and values of the nursing care and determine the professional role. As the value gets identified, various factors that are threatening to the human dignity must get eliminated. The nursing is seen as promoting the common good. Moreover, the development of the profession as a discrete one has been reflecting the societal recognition which the services given by the nurses have been supporting the common good. The added value of the common good to the current nursing concepts has been shown by various instances of the ethical misconduct in the clinical research. This also includes the development of the healthcare delivery system (Matney, Avant and Staggers 2016). However, there has been the challenge dealing with the determination of the methods where the common good has been playing the role to shape the development of this practice and profession. The societal forces have been strengthening the nursing through supporting and promoting the implementation, development, and conceptualization of the advanced practice roles (Foth et al. 2017). Thus the society has been shaping the elements of common good that the profession opts to address. There has been no clear definition of the idea of human dignity on the basis of the experiences of nurses. Various organizational factors and individuals, the imagination of the society and group of professional cares has been influential in developing or undermining the human dignity of nurses. On the other hand, the professional organizations within nursing have not included the common good in the nursing theory explicitly. However, the clearer articulation and definition of the common good as the idea in nursing would be advantageous to the patients, nursing, and society. References: Cheraghi, M.A., Manookian, A. and Nasrabadi, A.N., 2014. Human dignity in religion-embedded cross-cultural nursing.Nursing ethics,21(8), pp.916-928. Foth, T., Remmers, H., Holmes, D., Kreutzer, S. and Hlsken-Giesler, M., 2017. Introduction: Critical Approaches in Nursing Theory and Nursing Research: Implications for Nursing Practice.Pflegewissenschaft und Pflegebildung, p.9. Grace, P.J., 2017.Nursing ethics and professional responsibility in advanced practice. Jones Bartlett Learning. Jacobs, B.B., 2016. Respect for human dignity in nursing: Philosophical and practical perspectives.Canadian Journal of Nursing Research Archive,32(2). Matney, S.A., Avant, K. and Staggers, N., 2016. Toward an understanding of wisdom in nursing.The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,21(1). Parandeh, A., Khaghanizade, M., Mohammadi, E. and Mokhtari-Nouri, J., 2016. Nurses human dignity in education and practice: An integrated literature review.Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research,21(1), p.1.

Outline some of the ways in which Marketisation and Selection Policies may produce social class differences in educational achievement (12 Marks) free essay sample

Marketisation is when schools become more business-like. This could be competition; schools strive to get to the top of league tables, they want the best grades and results, and they try to provide the best. Marketisation introduced funding formula, exam league tables and competition between schools. Due to the Marketisation of schools and the education system, sociologists have found that there is now an A to C economy and educational triage. Due to this change schools are now under immense pressure to stream and select pupils. For schools to receive good funding and pupils they need to achieve a good league table. Due to the league table sociologists, Gillborn and Youdell found that it creates what they call a ‘educational triage’. Gillborn and Youdell describe this as the sorting of pupils with a school. Their idea separates pupils into three categories; those who will pass anyway, borderline pupils (D-C) and hopeless students. We will write a custom essay sample on Outline some of the ways in which Marketisation and Selection Policies may produce social class differences in educational achievement (12 Marks) or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their study found that teachers were likely to base the student’s ability on class. Those from a working class background are likely to be the ‘hopeless cases’ therefor the students were given no academic help and were ignored. Due to this label, Gillborn and Youdell believe this will lead the students to believing they’re in fact not intelligent and the self-fulfilling prophecy will lead to failure. In some cases the educational triage helps individual students who are C/D borderline, however it therefor does hinder the lower/ high grade students, as they are likely to be ignored due to them having either a very low or have a very high chance of passing. Schools, due to Marketisation, are also under pressure to pick and select ‘ideal pupils’ which are usually middle-class students. They will gain the school they attend higher grades and therefor a higher position in the educational league tables. Schools which achieve good rakings within league tables are most likely to attract more middle-class pupils and then will therefor improve the schools overall results and make the school popular. A school which is popular will receive more funding and thereby improve the schools results and so on, likewise an under achieving school will continue on a downward spiral. In 1993, Will Barlett found that popular schools were therefor likely to cream skin and silt- shift. League tables therefor lead  schools to marketize themselves to the public in order to attract middle-class children as they think they will most probably achieve higher grades leading to higher funding. Marketisation aims to attract middle-class students and not working-class students which may produce social class differences in educational achievement. Will Barlett argued in 1993 that Marketisation leads to schools cream skimming and silt-shifting. Cream skimming in education means that schools select higher ability pupils (mainly middle-class children) who gain the best results and therefor cost less to educate. Silt-Shifting however is the idea that schools also off load pupils with learning difficulties who are there for expensive to teach and will cost the school more money than the average child. This can disadvantage working class students in several ways. One way it disadvantages working-class students is by using home and school contracts. Selective schools usually require parents to sign a document explaining the schools expectations of the students before being offered a place. Sociologist Gewirtz explained that one individual school required parents to â€Å"ensure attendance and punctuality †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Schools do this as they will be attracting the right sort of parents and children. This technique is used to discourage working-class students and parents from applying if they are not willing to work or encourage their children to achieve their best. This technique within marketization also favours middle-class students as their parents are most likely to care about their education. Overall, Marketisation and Selection Policies do in fact produce social class differences in educational achievement. Firstly, league tables are likely to create an educational triage which seems to favour middle-class children more so than working-class children as they are likely to be labelled as hopeless. Next, league tables are designed to attract middle-class families and finally schools try to discourage working-class parents from sending their children to popular schools. We can gather from sociologist’s research that Marketisation and Selection Policies do produce social class differences in educational achievement.

O Caledonia by Elspeth Barker

O Caledonia by Elspeth Barker Free Online Research Papers How successful is Elspeth Barker in creating sympathy for Janet in ‘O Caledonia’† you may wish to refer to theme, presentation of character, setting, narrative viewpoint and language in your analysis.‘O Caledonia’ by Elspeth Barker is a murder-mystery story set in 1950’s Aberdeenshire. It tells the story of a young girl called janet, as she grows up into adulthood. The story begins with a prologue where janet is murdered, and we are then told the story of her childhood. The Author makes the reader feel sympathy for janet, and a sense of loss at her death. In this essay, I am going to examine how Elspeth Barker achieves this. The character of Janet is portrayed with sympathy in the book. Throughout her childhood and adolescence, she is alienated for being different, and refusing to conform to stereophonics. It is clear from the start of the book, that Janet’s father has no interest in her, when she is born, her father comes home on leave from the army. His only remark is ‘It’s about the size of a cat† When a her brother Francis is born, he gets a much more favourable reception â€Å"In the manufacture of human pride, there is no ingredient so potent as the production of a son† remarks her mother Vera’s friend Constance. â€Å"The blue wicker basket had found it’s rightful occupant† This shows that boys are favoured more than girls in Janet’s family. Janet has a very romantic outlook in life, and this is illustrated by the colourful language she uses to describe things; There is a ‘bird motif’ running throughout the story, this is where janet is symbolised by bird. The first instance of this is janet’s grandad’s parrot Perhaps the most poingnant of these is in the prologue; In the castle of Auchnasaugh, there is a statuette of a white cockatoo â€Å"his breast transfixed by an arrow†, underneath this is a plaque saying â€Å"Moriens Sed Invictus†, which means â€Å"dying but unconquered†. This image has many parallels with janet, as she too is dying, stabbed through the chest. The â€Å"dying but unconquered† statement, too applies to janet. She is dying yes, but she hasn’t given in to society, she has not let them change her. Research Papers on ‘O Caledonia’ by Elspeth BarkerThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsMind TravelHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementWhere Wild and West MeetCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is Art

Law fo business (Individual) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Law fo business (Individual) - Essay Example We also have Megastores in Cornwall, who supplied the toy to the retailer. And we have the Chen Organisation in China, who manufactured the toy. Also, it must be noted that Mrs. Sharma has two different causes of action, one based upon contract and one based upon torts. The tort cause of action is based upon product liability. The rule regarding product liability can be found in Donoghue v. Stevenson, a famous 1932 case that stated that was the first case to establish that a manufacturer of goods and services owes a duty of care to all consumers of the product. It is special to note that there is no need for privity, in other words, the duty of care is not just owed to the person to whom the the manufacturer has a contractual obligation. Such as in the case of Donaghue, the basic facts are that a patron of a soda shop drank a ginger beer that had the remains of a snail in the beer. She sued, and, even though she did not purchase the drink, she won. She did not have a special contractual relationship, but this was not dispositive in this case.1 While Donaghue grounded product liability actions in negligence theory, this is no longer the case. The rule regarding product liability is one of strict liability now. This rule began in 1936 with the case of Grant v. Australian Knitting Mills2, in which the defendant was held liable to the plaintiff for underwear that had too much sulphite, but Commission directives from the Pearson Commission was not enacted.3 These cases and directives led to the Consumer Protection Act 1987, which governs product liability now. This was promulgated to enact the European Community Directive on Liability for Defective Products 1985.4 The Consumer Protection Act 1987 (hereinafter â€Å"CPA†) states that â€Å"where any damage is caused wholly or partly by a defect in the product, every person to whom subsection (2) below applies shall be liable for the damage.†5 The act goes